Cogitum – effective drug, result after 5 days

Neurologist ordered my 3 year old son Cogitum at diagnosis delay speech development.

Cogitum appointed us to take one ampoule of 10 days, then 10 days off and then take 10 days. And since 2 months.

The result I have noticed already after 5 days, at the son a desire to learn and speak new words, he began to show interest in drawing, to fairy tales and quiet games, we learned almost all colors. Though earlier it sit for reading fairy tales or drawing was virtually impossible.

Cogitum sold in ampoules. the drug has a banana flavor.

Son began to talk proposals, memory improved. C

So if the doctor recommends to take Cogitum, it is worth trying, above all, to monitor the child's condition.

Cogitum – helped, banana flavor

Advantages: banana flavor, there is an effect in speech development, added strength and energy

Disadvantages: expensive, not convenient ampules

Cogitum support us in the development, and gave a significant breakthrough in the development of the beginning of the speech.

Taste drug saturated, problems with swallowing medications the child did not have a negative attitude to the procedure as well. But I think the taste is too intense, could make it more neutral, with lesser amounts of flavorings.

Inconvenient dosing, a child at one time had significantly less often have to pour out the capsule.

During the use of the drug, the child was emotionally and mentally stable, had no effect on the central nervous system (not overexcited).

Cogitum – effective drug

Advantages: there is an effect in the development, there is an effect in speech development

Disadvantages: aggression and irritability, expensive, not convenient ampules

Cogitum was registered to a child with a diagnosis of mental retardation. At the age 2.10.

• The child appeared pointing
• I began to say some words to the end (before the speech did not exist)
• Constantly speaks in his own name (previously only on their own)
• I began to compare living and drawn objects and animals
• It becomes better contact with adults and children

In general, we had a good step forward. Therefore, I still recommend, the more often heard from many experts, it is one of the best preparations for the activation of the brain's activity.

Cogitum – helped to speak fast

The child for three years, and he does not speak. The doctor diagnosed a speech development delay and prescribed Cogitum. The course of 10 days 1.2 ampule 2 times a day. Then, 10 days off, and another 10-day course. Progress noticed the beginning of the second course. The child began to speak in 2-3 word every day, it became clear to say previously learned words. in kindergarten he said that now he talks to the other guys and playing with them.

It helped us, I'm just happy.

Pimp your brain: which drugs can improve thinking and memory

Successfully prepare for a difficult exam, quickly make urgent work finally become more intelligent. Advertising claims that everything is possible if you take nootropics.

For the development of new neuroprotective drugs (psychotropic drugs that affect higher brain functions - memory, attention, intelligence) are taken as a former semi-secret Soviet research institutes, and companies in Silicon Valley. What really must admit: the need to improve the work of the brain, which in the present population is only growing, can be a good idea to cash. On the one hand, the rhythm of life in the young so that sustain it just like that, without difficult any external assistance. On the other hand, more and more people live to a ripe old age and experiencing the typical problems of old age, including the reduction of the reaction rate, care, ability to recall and remember information. While the person is out of his mind and feels that he is not as good as before, he wants something to do with it. And then it come to the aid nootropics.

Since pharmaceutical companies constantly produce "solutions to improve the mind," and people use them in large quantities, it is logical that there had to be many articles confirming the efficacy of nootropics. On Web sites devoted to a particular drug, why these publications do not. Manufacturers prefer in general terms to describe the effects of their creations. However, on the Russian website in the section "Information for specialists only" sometimes it appears several scans of the domestic medical journals.

In practice the scanned articles are reviews, that is a retelling of others' research. (Ironically, by the way, that one and the same information migrates from publication to publication, so that the "information is only for experts" may not be an overview and review of reviews.) Delving into these studies, the inquisitive reader discovers that they are all devoted not healthy people who for some reason needed urgently become more intelligent, or attentive, and patients with brain injuries, stroke, and other unpleasant states, which requires therapy room at the hospital. But this turn of events workaholics, careless students and pupils, as well as other young potential consumers of nootrops hardly wish.

This is at best. In the worst reviews are described in the so-called model systems which can not be called a healthy person. For example, one of the domestic drugs reduce mortality slice of hippocampal cells of the mouse if this section were subjected to "stress glutamate." That is, the mouse was killed, she cut a small part of the brain, put into the medium and were "watering" neurotransmitter glutamate, simulating rough activity of hippocampal neurons. As far as the results of this experiment are applicable to humans? It is difficult to say exactly.

Mouse - it is a good option. Nootropics tested and snails, and other very remote from human creatures. More often than not in this case it looks for the behavior of the whole body, as to how thin vary its operating parameters of the nerve cells. But it is worth considering that these cells in any organism, hundreds of thousands, millions, or even billions. The question whether it is possible to transfer the results obtained on a small cluster of cells of a ganglion edible snails, humans. After all, despite the fact that in a number of articles as necessary nootropics alter the functioning of neurons, analogue Algernon has not yet been announced.

Most of the evidence on the effectiveness of nootropics - a story about personal feelings, subjective experience, not confirmed by objective experiments. Forums, which are trying to prove the benefit of nootropics, downright full of them. But from the "official representatives" of certain medications or an answer, not a greeting. Strange, is not it?

Improves or simply treats?

The list of substances that have the potential to improve mental ability is impressive. Here and caffeine, and fish oil, and extracts of magnolia, and mate, and blueberries, and many less "vegetable" substances like creatine. It is believed that some of them improve concentration, and some inhibit the process of degeneration of nerve cells that beset the body in old age.

Most often in the instructions to the drugs stated as nootropics, found the phrase "has a neuroprotective effect." It just means that these products support the work of nerve cells in the mode, if nothing had happened, as if there were no age-related changes and the neurons were not exposed to different phenomena such as oxidative stress. That's great, but we must understand that about any improvement of the intellect it does not go here. Such nootropics only help mental faculties remain still for a while at the same level.

The only popular substance, which studies suggest its effectiveness - is, oddly enough, a banal caffeine. It really improves concentration, increases attentiveness, makes it easier to remember, and even, it seems, is the prevention of dementia in women. But we know that its effect does not last long, there are side effects such as anxiety, tremor, and sweating, and he does not fit all. Someone does not from him "excited", and someone enough not have one cup of strong coffee in the morning to not go to sleep until late at night. What to do?

If you think "The authorities hiding something!" and you want to try to disperse the mind banned substances like amphetamines, have bad news for you. The effectiveness of "AIDS" and similar substances in terms of improving intelligence has long been denied. It happened during the Second World War. At that time, the British learned of Hitler's predilection to tablets with methamphetamine, decided to test the "magic pill" for yourself. They have collected a lot of subjects, gave them to the substance and to assess how they cope with the standard tests for intelligence, as well as muscle coordination.

Subjects under "AIDS" to solve puzzles is not better or worse than when their mind was not changed. However, the subjects themselves did not. They thought that their capacity is much higher than usual. Scoring was not not only in quality but also in quantity: test solution of methamphetamine in the company took no less time than without it. The test results related to the coordination, quality and did not differ. Coordination of the subjects under "AIDS" did not improve, but they feel much more confident and therefore on average to better cope with the tasks. In the same way a drunk person passes quietly where scared sober. So, if you suddenly apply methamphetamine exam preparation (but it is better not to do), you will remember the material is not faster or better than normal, but will be less to worry about putting.

Another detail: the chemical structure of many of permitted neuroprotective drugs poorly fit in with their physiological properties. Rather, the properties of these compounds are very difficult to predict by their chemical structure. This applies mainly to peptides - molecules of several amino acids. Somehow, even very similar in structure to peptides can produce very different effects. This in itself, of course, does not mean that such nootrop necessarily ineffective. Drawing an analogy, it is possible to use a computer and know nothing about electricity, or even about the programming, the main thing - to press the right buttons. If the analogy further, it will look strange case where the same document in Word 2007 will open with the Russian letters, and in Word 2013 - from the Latin. So it is with nootropic peptides

In general, it would be nice to know, due to what effect a particular drug. Frankly, it even necessarily need to know to be able to fight his overdose and understand what it is not necessary to combine the drug. But in the case of an overdose nootropics somehow it did not happen. In addition, some of them, for example, a favorite with many knowledge workers Phenotropil (Phenylpiracetam) entirely excreted unchanged for about a day after the reception. To which it operates and why from exposure does not change itself, it is not known.

Placebo effect
The general answer to the questions at the beginning of the article is this: it all depends on your attitude. If you believe that the medicine really can work wonders with the mental capacity, the nootropics you are likely to help. What exactly will provide them with a positive effect - your attitude or real biochemical mechanisms - not so important, more importantly, it would help and, most likely, will not make worse. And if you treat Nootropil critically, search for scientific articles about their effectiveness and, not finding it, draw conclusions, it is best not to upset yourself and these pills do not buy. Indeed, in this case, not only does not work the placebo effect, but also your negative bias against the drug in any way make you believe that nothing has changed for the better.

Authorized chaos

Do not expose the hacker group Fancy Bears, and WADA policy endangers the foundations of anti-doping in the sports world

A few days ago the site of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) hacked hackers Fancy Bears (yet they are suspected in the attacks on the US Democratic party sites), and became publicly known confidential information relating to a number of world-renowned athletes. So, it turned out that WADA permitted American tennis players Serena and Venus Williams, as well as the fourfold champion of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro gymnast Simone Biles and basketball player Elena Delle Donne take forbidden substances.

In the documents, caught in the open access, it said that the former top-ranked Serena Williams in 2010, 2014 and 2015 were allowed to use oxycodone, hydromorphone, prednisone, prednisolone and methylprednisolone, included in the forbidden list of WADA. Venus in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 received permission to receiving prednisone, prednisolone, triamcinolone and formoterol. Gymnast Simone Biles legally used amphetamines and basketball Delle Donne therapeutic took amphetamines and hydrocortisone. However, only Baylz in response to the publication revealed his diagnosis, allowing it to obtain authorization to WADA. In 19 years fourfold Olympic champion of 2016, it appears, with childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
In fact, nothing criminal in this part of the revelations there. WADA rules are such that competitors may use illegal drugs for medical reasons. For this only need to notify the organization and confirm the fact that the treatment is urgently needed is this forbidden drug and no more.
The situation can be compared to a Norwegian biathlon and cross-country skiing, where asthmatic athletes are allowed to use drugs to treat the disease. Talking about any fraud by the American athletes or the same Norwegians do not have: these are the rules, and they can use it. In this regard, it recalls the doping case of Olga Medvedtseva that at the Olympics 2006 in Turin has performed under the name Pyleva. After the "silver" in the individual race over 15 km of its test showed the presence of a prohibited carphedon. It turned out that the athlete took him out of the doctor's mistakes Nina Vinogradova (in Russian Carphedon issued under the title Phenotropil), housed in a restored biathletes after an ankle injury. Then, in 2006, the doctor failed to notify anti-doping service of the appointment and reception of athlete preparation. If all the formalities have been complied with, Olga had not lost an Olympic "silver" and has not lost two years of career due to a suspension. You can buy Phenotropil.
Soon Fancy Bears published a list of 25 famous athletes who dope in different years, as well as information about the positive tests during the Olympics-2016. Suspicion fell and Russian boxer Misha Aloyan, silver medalist in the category up to 52 kg.
The US side groundlessly accused of cyber attacks on the WADA website Russia. Interim results of the action as Fancy Bears lies in the fact that everything becomes clear: anti-doping rules require clarity and transparency. Viewer or fans in the stands has a right to know what uses they observed an athlete. Ethics here at anything. Athlete - a public figure, as, for example, and policies, and if the same States actively discussed the state of health of a candidate in the upcoming presidential election, how to publicize information about the athletes health put taboo, especially when it comes to doping, around which is today so much passion? The answer is simple, as well as an explanation of irritated reaction from overseas. American sports stars are clean is very conditional: they have taken illegal drugs with the secret blessing of WADA. Whoever Does the World Anti-Doping Agency likening Branch headquarters, for which secrecy is natural and necessary?

Marijuana: The whole truth!

It has long been asked to make out action of marijuana on the brain and body. We always try to give an objective unbiased information! We do not advocate extreme that Hash is a fierce evil, or "yes everything is absolutely safe!". Extremes make the brain relax. Instead, we offer to string up the gray matter and take a look at this topic a look free of stereotypes and personal prejudices. Subject difficult and provocative, so there will be many references to the research.

Let us examine the terminology

The difference between marijuana from hemp: hemp, or cannabis - a plant that is used for a variety of purposes: in construction, in the production of shoes, clothes. Marijuana - a psychoactive hemp, ie one that is used to achieve a state of altered consciousness. That is, oak, poplar, and there - and that, and another - the trees, but different. Marijuana - it's like a certain type of tree, and hemp - it's all trees.

Most likely, you will see that the issue would not know how to make a sweater from hemp, and to understand what happens to the brain and the body, so focus on the "psychoactive hemp."

A little bit of History

Marijuana is used since ancient times - for anybody is not a secret, and there is mention of the Indians, the World War II tube and the tube, there is also the eastern civilizations, by the way, the word "Ganja" has come from the East. You can not even go down in history in the 60-70-ies of many famous people do not hide the fact that smoking marijuana in the United States. Arnold Schwarzenegger did it even on camera).

In his autobiography, "Total Recall", he described the use of marijuana in the United States as something quite possible that something like a cigarette right now, and even once silly fun of his friend - Franco Columbu. This story is very revealing.

Franco flew to America after a long absence and Arnold as a caring friend, I have decided to arrange a surprise for him! He called not drag Diller, and another friend bodybuilder, that he arranged everything - got the best pot. A friend took, and asked! Attention! his wife, so that she made cupcakes for all) This best describes the attitude towards cannabis at the time - his wife "with love" baked. Arnold met Franco at the airport and they went not into the hall, and other), but they failed to realize that Franco, first bodybuilder, which means a lot of eating, and secondly, he is hungry bodybuilder because only with the aircraft after the flight Atlantic.

In general, Franco, not knowing anything, torpedo all ate, and then half an hour laughing like a horse, because the dog, a friend's house, it seemed ridiculous. Then got intoxication and swelled, became a logo of "Michelin". 2 weeks temperature and then recovered. The last 2 offers for those who like to scream that the "Indian Grass is safe!!!"

How does marijuana

So, consider the process of action on the brain and produce effects from the outset:

• 1.Suppose a person smokes dry "psychoactive hemp."
• 2.The smoke contains psychoactive substances - cannabinoids, they together with the smoke into the lungs.
• 3.For easy lungs approach millions of capillaries, is the smallest blood vessels. Capillaries suck that there is in the lungs, usually oxygen from the air, as in our example - psychoactive substance.
• 4.Cannabinoids enter the blood and reach the general blood stream of the brain.

What happens to the brain and the body after consumption:

• 1.It increases the levels of ghrelin and leptin. These hormones regulate appetite and saturation. There's a strange thing that the appetite and at the same time strengthened and weakened. Most likely, the first amplified by ghrelin, and then the body through time creates a balance - increases the production of leptin.
• 2.It increases blood flow and heart rate. For this reason, marijuana and stimulants can lead to tragic consequences.
• 3.It increases the production of neurotransmitters - anandamide. This neurotransmitter, in fact, has an effect on the psyche. The more anandamide - the more the suspension of reality. Ie, because of this neurotransmitter, marijuana smokers often leads itself too easily and do-not-care, but sometimes, "sits on infidelity" and is afraid of everything. In both cases there is a detachment from reality.
• 4.During the reception, enhances the production of dopamine. This is due to the fact that smokers can "get stuck" at some idea. He also improves mood. But long-term, chronic eating, reduced production of dopamine
• 5.Decreases NMDA-receptor activity. Worse working short-term memory.
• 6.And now the bomb! Increased expression of the BDNF gene! He is responsible for learning and long-term memory. What is the logic? During smoking, everything associated with memory and learning disability worsens, improves just a fantasy. The body perceives this as a blow and starts immediately, at the genetic level, to enhance memory. He believes that you become stupid in a short time, and pre-prepared reserves! (Improve your brain function with Oxiracetam, Phenylpiracetam, Noopept, Adrafinil.

We need more data!Let's look at some interesting data:

• 1.Tolerance. In order to maintain the same effect, when taken regularly, a large dosage is required, however, there is evidence that abstinence from marijuana for 4 weeks is sufficient to normalize the activity of cannabinoid receptors.
• 2.The action on organs. Lungs – there is no statistical relationship with the development of cancer, compared with non-smokers. It is much more likely to develop lung cancer in cigarette smokers. Liver - there is a real risk of increased liver fat, visceral fat, like alcoholics.
• 3.Hormones, testosterone is reduced to 6 wherein substantially completely restored hours and 24-48 hours, estrogens increase, growth hormone increases insignificantly. If you are a man and you will be smoking every day or every other day - become effeminate.
• 4.Addiction. Marijuana addictive about 9%, 32% tobacco.
• 5.Depression. There is no objective data. There is evidence that marijuana helps fight depression, and is, that, on the contrary - drives the depression.
• 6.Psychosis and schizophrenia. Also there are no objective data.

The legal status of marijuana

Much can be said about its effect on the body and the brain, but it is illegal, there is a risk to get into prison, so good advice - do not risk it. Do not think "I'm not selling, and for personal use, I will not do anything" - will be far-fetched, but it will increase the detection of "crimes". On paper, the drug dealer will be like Al Capone. The more that sit for drugs 21% of all prisoners in Russia. Even on the basis of this fact, and if you go to jail, then 1 to 5, because of the drugs. So think 10 times, or 5 times, if you can do pay money or "cool lawyer", but it is only a ride in the country or elsewhere in Africa.

The bottom line:

As explained in the article, marijuana - is not evil and not good. Frankly, it does not have almost nothing useful or harmful. It really is certainly not worse than alcohol or cigarettes in terms of physical effects on the body, and in some ways even "better". Its main danger lies not in the dangers, not based, not in a temporary numbness of the brain, and that this psychotropic substances. It acts on the psyche, and the psyche is difficult to measure. Some people use it to recover from some paranoia, while others, on the contrary, become schizophrenic. Probably for this reason, and it is forbidden, because the crazies do not pay taxes.

The article was neither propaganda nor antipropoganda, there are facts - then use your brain) Good luck and see you soon!

Woe from Wit

On October 10, the 25th time celebrated World Mental Health Day. In Russia, this tradition of 15 years. According to premature mortality and disability neuropsychiatric diseases exceed cardiovascular disease and cancer combined.

According to WHO estimates, neuropsychiatric disorders account for the largest percentage of existing diseases in the world. Today, 47.5 million people suffer from dementia, 26 million - schizophrenia. Experts predict that by 2030, severe mood disorders, especially depression, become the main cause of disability in the world.

The causal disorders

It is believed that the major mental illnesses without regard to addictions (alcoholism and drug addiction) in the world suffers every 5th person becomes disabled every 20 minutes. In 50% of cases start in adolescence, before the age of 14; 75% - 24 years. "Suffice it to hold a large-scale survey of a random audience, to make sure: most people are afraid not even cancer, and mental illness.

Modern life, rapid and intense, is not conducive to the maintenance of people's mental health, so it is important to inform the public about the causes and manifestations of diseases such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar and anxiety disorders, as well as the methods and ways of their prevention and treatment.

However, the problem lies not only in relieving symptoms, but also the necessity of long-term therapy, whereby in most cases prevent further attacks of the disease. For the majority of progressive mental disorders until full recovery is unfortunately impossible. But even a slight increase in the duration of remission (bright intervals between episodes of the disease) can significantly alleviate the social functioning of patients and slow the progression of the disease.

Experts say: the main differences between existing modern psychotropic drugs mainly consist in the safety and tolerability, ie their performance is about the same, but individual reactions to them can be very different. Therefore, so important to search for new drugs, new molecular targets pathogenic, including genomic.

The problem is that the treatment of mental patients is somewhat different from the treatment of somatic diseases as mental illness is always related not only to biological factors, but also psychological and social. It is necessary to consider all three of these components, that is treated and the biological disorders, trying to influence the pathogenesis of the disease, to penetrate and to deal with the psychological factors, which in some cases lead to the disease and thus may interfere with the action of our medicines and, finally, how -That way affect the social factors, which are also often the cause of these diseases.

But to make it very difficult. "Although the underlying mechanisms of action studied, yet we still do not fully understand how these funds operate and why - for example, the effect does not appear immediately, but only after three to six weeks Why first, even adequately assigned course work only. 50% of patients? Moreover, 30% is generated therapeutic resistance, when it is not operating any one of the drugs, including the most modern. With these products, we more or less learned to arrest the acute manifestations of mental illness, such as motor stimulation, violations behavior, delusions and hallucinations, expressed emotional (affective) reactions. "

Against suicide

According to experts, the most difficult in the treatment of such diseases is the inability to prevent them, due to the fact that the risk factors are virtually unknown. Therefore the main task of psychiatrists today is secondary prevention. In XX century, innovation became perfect by Paul Janssen haloperidol and risperidone (many experts believe that this scholar was to receive the Nobel Prize for the development of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy). Recently, on the basis of risperidone several new drugs and dosage forms.

New medicines must not only be effective and safe, but also convenient to use, since one of the major problems is the weak commitment to this group of patients treated. Doctors should be able to vary the treatment, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patients, and it is necessary to start as early as possible to increase the periods of remission and prevent the disease go into the chronic stage. Such approaches have been laid, for example, based on our research programs for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It includes developments in anti-amyloid immunotherapy designed to intercept disease. In addition, the company has developed a new method for treatment of intractable forms of depression with the help of modern drugs. I think that the most promising area of treatment in psychiatry - a fast antidepressant, which will enable to treat deep depression accompanied by suicidal behavior, a few hours rather than weeks. This will be a major breakthrough. I am very optimistic, I'm going to save lives, because in the United States more people committed suicide than died from the two types of cancer. It is therefore extremely important that we have drugs that are within an hour directly to the emergency room will be able to help the patient to abandon the attempt of suicide.

Modern medicine is focused on the search for a drug that would turn out to be symptomatic, and disease-modifying effect. In the struggle with the consequences of dementia are now annually consumes nearly 1% of total world GDP (more than $ 800 billion). Above this are large pharmaceutical companies and research centers. In the XXI century there were about 500 clinical trials, but the positive results in large-scale studies have yet been received. Last innovation is FDA approved (December 2014) - combined medication Namzaric, (a trademark owned by Merz Pharma). In Russia, it has not yet been registered.

Mental disorders - an area in which the number of unmet medical need is great enough. Especially when it comes to heavy, disabling diseases, the economic burden of which increases from year to year. We estimate that in Russia more than 2 million people suffer only manic-depressive psychosis and schizophrenia. Close these people have largely independently solve family problems, often find themselves beyond the comprehension of society. And it's much harder than physical illness. The symptoms of physical illness can not harm the emotional climate in the family, without prejudice to concepts such as "love" and "understanding." But the negative symptoms of schizophrenia hit the most important - the love of the patient to their family members. The solution of the situation lies in the traditional two dimensions: in the information work with the population and in the introduction into clinical practice of modern methods of treatment, which will allow patients to retain the ability to work to improve the quality of life. Last year, the development of our scientists - atypical antipsychotic kariprazin - was registered by FDA. In Russia, too, conducted research involving 20 clinics, and despite the differences in the neurobiological features of the brain of representatives of different races and ethnic groups, kariprazin showed very good results.

Pharmacotherapy of neuropsychiatric diseases in the last three or four decades has stepped far forward. Development occurs due to fundamental brain research (for example, thanks to the discovery of new receptors and human behavior patterns), and thanks to the improvement of the previously developed molecules. At the same time, doctors are now successfully used drugs that were used in the middle of the last century, such as Phenotropil, Phenazepamum, Pantocalcin, Teraligen, Aminazinum, Closastene, Bezak. They are popular all over the world, including developed countries, where health care in general and medical research in particular laid a big budget. Release formulations with such a long history due to the fact that these molecules have confirmed the high efficacy and safety profile of long-term practical applications (like aspirin).

Demand for charlatans

As for the drug provision of the mentally ill in Russia, but now we are protected by health insurance basically only people with disabilities, people with schizophrenia and epilepsy, which allows them to receive free expensive drugs for long-term treatment in clinics. Unfortunately, the rest of the categories of diseases, particularly affective disorders, this privilege does not apply. Although patients with depression and bipolar disorder need to be exactly the same long-term outpatient preventive treatment, as well as patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, according to experts, they are treated more favorably in terms of social and economic.

At the same time there is a washout cheap drugs, particularly domestic production. For example, lithium carbonate, whose manufacturing process is very simple, is not profitable to produce due to the cheapness of the process. But the lithium salt is very effective for the treatment of bipolar disorder. The same happens with the other long-synthesized drug, major neuroleptic reserve clozapine. It has been used successfully for the treatment of drug-resistant state in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, domestic manufacturers refuse to deliver on the benefits, because it provided a low price does not justify the cost of production.

Despite the increase in the prevalence of disease is now "in order to save" the country is reducing psychological services. Vacant niche occupied by private clinics, where the level of qualification of specialists sometimes in doubt, and the so-called representatives of traditional medicine, and simply - charlatans, which parasitize human distress.

Mind Games. What a dope students select

Doping is not only for athletes use. For all sorts of tricks, students often resort. A cocktail of energy and of drugs they help themselves to cope with excessive stress.

Games with sleep and Indian Grass

For many students' time - is synonymous with endless lessons, exams, stress and sleepless nights. Delivered in a rigid framework of young people looking for ways to make their lives easier and increase the number of hours in the day. And then all means are good.

The first thing tell students - coffee and loud music.

- The most serious that I heard - a cocktail of cola with soluble coffee, energy, liqueur coffee - said the graduate of the Moscow State University.

However, some use another, very unsecure method - a special mode that allows you to sleep only four hours a day. He came up with more Leonardo da Vinci, and today information about him spread all over the Internet - to help students. The method consists in that small portions to sleep several times a day - for example, every 15 minutes for four hours.

- I have a classmate decided to try this method on themselves - says the student of the HSE. - Nonsense just came out. He cuts off the lectures, and then go to the other extreme - the clock could not sleep at all. Yes, and on the behavior of a lack of sleep (I think it's called "sleep deprivation"), disrupted be healthy: not only did he go angry at everything and everyone, and the study is reflected totally the opposite of the desired way, he was also very careless!

On special regime says another student - of the Russian State University. From his story about the friend who for two months went to bed at nine o'clock and got up at five in the morning, it follows that this method is useless:

- In the end, it just broke. Besides unrealistic he dropped out of life, because at that time, as we are just starting to do their homework and have fun, he had to go to sleep - mode.

Sipping students and infusions of various herbs.

- The most common use Eleutherococcus (phytopreparation tonic effect), he has a quick action and gives few side effects. Less - ginseng, he acts mildly, but if a long drink, has side effects, - says the student of Moscow State University.

Among other popular also uses lemongrass, which increases the body's resistance.

Phenotropil, Meldonium, Methylphenidate and other

About potent drugs found was not easy. For example, many students use Phenotropil, which belongs to the group of neuroprotective drugs and has a stimulating effect. It improves endurance and performance.
- No you do this is not recognized, even though everything is on sale in the public domain and no prescription is not necessary, although the use of drugs - a thing reprehensible, - said one of the students of MGIMO - We have on the course, I saw a couple of freaks under Phenylpiracetam. does not carry in itself is a medicine harm, but guys, I'm talking about, clearly have used more than the advised instructions. Very nervous, excited. I do not know, however, what kind of results they have shown in the exams.

Michael from Bauman sure that there is nothing special about Phenotropil:

- I know that this tool is very popular, my friends it "use" quite stable. I myself have tried a couple of times. Some incredible effect is not noticed, but was still in the saddle - at least pondered normal.

Among the pharmaceutical drugs popular with students enjoying Piracetam - also nootropic drug.

- When something himself medically accepted Meldonium with Nervoheel, it was easier to learn, head worked better. It would be desirable, of course, to repeat the experience, even though I do not think that sit on Nootropil during training - a good idea. About Methylphenidate I had never heard.

Illegal drugs

Methylphenidate is - a drug from a group of psycho stimulants. In Russia, it was removed from circulation. Among the reasons - serious side effects, including death and generation of an addiction.

- We have a date with an older guy there, which is where some of his picks - admitted student MSTU. - Sam, too, uses, apparently. I rarely see him. Studies seem to be quite good. In general, I'm talking about this crap know what it is like to reduce attention to foreign objects, less distracted. Sam I did not try - I think it's very bad.

Two students on the condition of anonymity told that if you learn in high school, then illegal supply chains will be virtually at hand - including fellow students or students of other courses:

- Gathering may be in the smoking room, the dining room, just lectures. "Sellers' immediately see that anyone can be useful for their services. Another thing is whether it is necessary to you personally?

We decided to find out whether methylphenidate gets easily. This substance is contained in "Ritalin".

- Once the drug is banned in Russia, it means "Novartis" it does not produce. The Russian plant pharmaceutical companies working all year, and the drug is not on the shelves of many years.

Unfortunately, not all who wish to obtain additional energy really give a report of his actions, taking medicine containing methylphenidate. According to the doctor, the psychiatrist and the psychiatrist psychostimulant action "Ritalin" is similar to the effect of cocaine:

- There was using first appears activity, concentration, good mood, an opportunity not to sleep, and then - a real addiction, as well as the classic side effects of any narcotic drugs, that is, violation of appetite until anorexia, convulsions, hallucinations, psychosis, severe mental disorders - warns the doctor.

According to the specialist, this drug is banned in Russia for a long time and really is not performed. It delivers custom illegally from other countries where it is available.

Open the eyes

The psychiatrist said, what is fraught with indiscriminate use of these drugs:

- "Ritalin" refers to a group of stimulants, and other mentioned drugs belong to a group cerebroprotectors (this includes nootropics) - they improve the working of the nervous tissue, nourish the brain, improve capillary permeability. If the census Phenotropil (from all nootropics had the highest stimulation level), we get a strong nervous excitement. Overdose of Piracetam has the same effect, although it is weaker, - the expert said.

This overdose (and, accordingly, dose) - the concept of a purely personal: the girl with the weight of 45 kilograms need one dose, but a man weighing 100 kilograms - is quite different. However, some manufacturers instructions and lazy prescribed dose for the same all - for instance, one tablet three times a day. So without medical supervision when taking such drugs can not do.

- In addition, we must not forget that the student's session - the stress itself, with him in the body and so produces a lot of natural stimulant - adrenaline. If you add on top of the tablets, the effect can be even more pronounced - and then increased heart rate and breathing, and high blood pressure, and frequent desires in a toilet, and anxiety, and motor mobility and acceleration up to the runaway thoughts - warns Dr. DOping.

More possible loss of sleep and deceptions of perception of reality, this is very serious.

- And these deceptions of perception of reality should not be confused with hallucinations. The first is associated with the use of some drugs (or with the peculiarities of the current state - enough sleep, overeaten), and the second - is a symptom of the disease process that requires diagnosis. "Ritalin" in addition to the same effects, which I mentioned above, an overdose may even cause seizures, because it stimulates the nervous system directly.

Fight Against Doping

By May 2017 Russia will launch an advanced national program for the fight against doping. This was stated in the course of his message to the Federal Assembly, Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Close legal loopholes for doping

The announced in the president of the national anti-doping program, first of all, must be provided for measures to improve the existing legislation in the fight against doping. "It's hard to say what exactly will be in this program in the future, because I am not in a workgroup. But what needs to be done is clear to me. To be a very large amount of legal work. In particular, we need to deal with the federal law "On Circulation of Medicines". According to this law, Russia banned the testing of new drugs on the Interior employees, military personnel, pregnant women, convicted and held in detention centers people. But not a word about the athletes. The law is absolutely necessary to add this remark, because the absence of this provision is a legal loophole for some distributors of doping.

As you know, recently passed a law on criminal liability for inducement to use performance-enhancing drugs. But what is the guarantee that it will work? In fact, there is a similar rule in the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation. However, in the last year, according to court statistics, the decline for the athlete to use doping for all Russia there were only two cases and only one guilty - punished. Where is the guarantee that the new law will be effective? We need enforcement mechanisms and political will that would allow law enforcement agencies to work effectively. Then the law really works. Otherwise, it may be a simple declaration.

How should operate the new anti-doping system in the Russian Federation

Now, after the abolition of the Federal Drug Control Service, created a Drug Enforcement Administration in the Interior Ministry. Consequently, there should be reporting on how much of prohibited substances identified many of these substances seized as persons prosecuted for doping offenses. So far, the sports public is in the dark about how the MIA is going to apply the criminal charges.

Doping in Russia is practically in the free market, the expert said. "Through the Internet, ordered the drug, and the courier brings you free of any doping without requiring a prescription. It has been reported in the West. I conducted a similar experiment on their own, and this was confirmed. We need to make sure that anabolic steroids could only be issued on prescription, as required by law. We have Roszdravnadzor, Rospotrebnadzor - many other regulatory authorities. Where they work? We still are dope as Meldonium and Phenotropil, recommended medicines for use in professional sports. Meanwhile, for Phenotropil biathlete Olga Pyleva at the Olympic Games in Turin (Italy) received a year probation. And it is sold freely in our pharmacies marked "Suitable for professional sports". Do not forget buy Meldonium.

These are only some problems that must be solved first. We need a new national anti-doping system. I have repeatedly stated that the issue of the fight against doping in Russia deployed by politicians in the West in order to discredit Russia. Of course, without a policy in McLaren's report has not been, but now it's not about that. The problem of doping in sport is real Russian. And we need to change the situation radically. You have to start with ourselves. We do not wait for the second report of McLaren, by the need to give a principled assessment of the negligent actions of officials of all departments and at all levels. It is necessary to solve the problem and on criminal liability of athletes for doping. Carefully examine the issue as fighting doping doctors FMBA "- sums up the expert.