Instruction for Use: Phenylpiracetam

ATC code: N06BX

Pharmachologic effect:

Neuroprotective drugs. According to the manufacturer has expressed antiamnesic action activates the integrative activity of the brain contributes to memory consolidation, improves concentration and mental performance, facilitates the learning process, accelerates the transfer of information between the hemispheres of the brain, increases resistance to brain tissue hypoxia and toxic effects, possesses anticonvulsant action and anxiolytic activity, regulates the processes of the central nervous system activation and inhibition, improves mood.

Phenylpiracetam has a positive effect on the metabolism and cerebral blood flow, stimulates the redox processes, improves the body's energy potential due to glucose utilization, improves regional blood flow in ischemic areas of the brain. Phenylpiracetam increases of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin in the brain. No effect on the level of GABA, does not bind to the GABA-A- and GABA-B-receptor, had no significant effect on the spontaneous bioelectric activity of the brain.

Phenylpiracetam has no effect on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It has weakly expressed diuretic effect. It has anorexic activity in the exchange application.

Phenylpiracetam has moderately stimulatory effect in respect of motor reactions, improves physical performance. Moderate inducing effect of the drug is combined with anxiolytic activity. Phenylpiracetam improves mood, has an analgesic effect by raising the pain threshold, has an adaptogenic effect, increasing the body's resistance to stress under conditions of increased mental and physical exertion, with fatigue, hypokinesia and immobilization at low temperatures.

Against the background of Phenylpiracetam is marked improvement in vision (increased sharpness, brightness and field of view). Phenylpiracetam improves blood flow to the lower extremities. Phenylpiracetam stimulates antibody production in response to antigen indicating immune-stimulating properties its properties, but at the same time does not cause the development of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and does not modify the allergic inflammatory reaction of the skin caused by the introduction of the foreign protein. In exchange application of Phenylpiracetam drug is not developing dependence and tolerance. In case of cancellation of the drug were observed the development of the syndrome.

Action Phenylpiracetam is seen after a single application, which is important when using the drug in extreme conditions. Significantly enhances the effect of neuroprotective drugs.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption and distribution

After oral administration, rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, distributed in various organs and tissues, easily penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. The absolute bioavailability of the drug when administered is 100%. Maximum blood levels attained after 1 hr.

Metabolism and excretion

Phenylpiracetam is not metabolized in the body and is excreted unchanged. About 40% is excreted in the urine, 60% - in the bile and then. The half-life is 3-5 hours.

Dosage of Phenylpiracetam

The mode is set individually.

The average single dose is 150 mg (100-250 mg), the average daily dose - 250 mg (200-300 mg). The maximum daily dose - 750 mg. Multiplicity of reception - 1-2 times a day. The daily dose to 100 mg can be taken one time a day (in the morning), more than 100 mg - is recommended to be divided into 2 admission. Duration of treatment - from 2 weeks to 3 months. The average course of treatment - 30 days. If necessary, designate a second course of treatment a month.

To improve efficiency appoint 100-200 mg of Phenylpiracetam - 1 time per day in the morning for 2 weeks (for athletes - for 3 days).

When alimentary-constitutional obesity - 100-200 mg 1 time per day in the morning for 30-60 days.

Phenylpiracetam is taken orally after a meal. Do not take Phenylpiracetam after 15:00.

Indications

CNS disorders of various origins (particularly diseases of vascular origin or associated with disorders of metabolic processes in the brain and intoxication, such as post-traumatic conditions and phenomena of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency), accompanied by the deterioration of intellectual-mental functions, reduction of motor activity.

Neurotic conditions manifested by lethargy, increased exhaustion, decreased psychomotor activity, in violation of attention, memory impairment.

Violations of learning processes.

Depression mild to moderate severity.

Psychoorganic syndrome manifesting intellectual and memory impairment and apathy abulia syndrome symptoms and apathetic state in schizophrenia.

Spasmodic state.

Obesity (alimentary constitutional genesis).

Prevention of hypoxia, increase resistance to stress, functional correction of the extreme conditions of professional activity in order to prevent the development of fatigue and increase mental and physical performance, the correction of circadian biorhythm cycle inversion "sleep-wake".

Alcoholism (in order to reduce the symptoms of fatigue, depression, intellectual-mental disorders).
There are also cases of effective use of the drug with neuritis of the auditory nerve, which is the subject of attention of researchers.

Side effects

CNS: while taking the drug after 15:00 is possible insomnia. Some patients in the first 3 days of receiving acute agitation, flushing of the skin, a feeling of warmth. At higher doses of the drug may be severe mood swings. Also, strengthening the spleen is observed.

Effects on ability to drive vehicles and management mechanisms

Note that the excessive psycho-emotional exhaustion on the background of chronic stress and fatigue, chronic insomnia, acute administration of Phenylpiracetam the first day can cause a sharp need for sleep. Therefore, patients whose activities require increased attention and quickness of psychomotor reactions is recommended to start taking the drug in the non-working days.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the drug.

Drug interactions

Phenylpiracetam may increase the effects of drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, antidepressants, and neuroprotective drugs. Phenylpiracetam cataleptic antagonizes the action of neuroleptics, and attenuates expression of hypnotic action of ethanol and hexenal.

Pregnancy and lactation

Phenylpiracetam should not be administered during pregnancy and lactation due to lack of clinical trial data.
Phenylpiracetam has not teratogenic, mutagenic and embryotoxic action.

Use of Phenylpiracetam in Pediatrics

Phenylpiracetam is not recommended for children, due to the lack of clinical data on the use of the drug in pediatric practice.

Special instructions

Precautions should be prescribed the drug Phenylpiracetam to patients with severe organic lesions of the liver and kidneys, severe course of hypertension, atherosclerosis; patients who have had panic attacks, acute psychotic state, accompanied by psychomotor agitation (as it may increase anxiety, panic, hallucinations and delusions); patients prone to allergic reactions to nootropics of pyrrolidone group.
Phenylpiracetam does not have carcinogenic effects. Dispensed by prescription.

Overdose

The manufacturer of the drug overdose cases are not reported. According to other sources: possible hallucinations, delirium, insomnia, allergic reactions. If necessary spend symptomatic therapy.

When one-time reception of more than 500 mg may induce a state of panic and confusion. Do not use immediately prior to physical exertion.

A lethal dose - 800 mg per 1 kg of body weight.