Hypothiazid (Hydrochlorothiazide)

Pharmacological group: diuretics

Pharmacological action: thiazide diuretics medium strength. Reduces Na + reabsorption in the cortical segment of the loop of Henle, without affecting its portion extending into the renal medulla, which determines a weaker diuretic effect compared with furosemide. Blocks carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubules, increases urinary excretion of K + (in the distal tubule Na + is exchanged for K +), hydrogen carbonates and phosphates.

Description Hydrochlorothiazide - thiazide diuretic family used in medicine for the treatment of edema and hypertension. The drug reduces reabsorption of electrolytes, thereby increasing the excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, and especially water. Compared with other diuretics, potassium-sparing Gidrodiuril is stronger Aldakton (spironolactone), but weaker than the loop diuretic Lasix (furosemide). Although the application of this preparation potassium loss is much less pronounced than with Lasix, the user may still require the use of potassium supplements. This usually depends on the dose and duration of drug application. Again, when using the drug calcium losses can be expressed in a significant degree, but, again, they are considerably less than with Lasix. Application of diuretics has become very popular in many sports. These drugs are often used in bodybuilding for a significant loss of fluid before the competition. The winning appearance in these sports depends largely on the body expressed relief that can be achieved by receiving diuretics. Today, in these disciplines pronounced relief body is indispensable, and virtually unreachable without the use of such drugs. Diuretics are also used in many athletes competing in sports with weight restrictions. Wrestlers and boxers, for example, may use diuretics in order to carry more weight in the competition than in the control weighing. Given that checkweighing produced per day (or many hours) prior to the competition, the athlete who has lost a large amount of water due to the use of diuretics, has enough time to recover before the competition lost fluids and weight. The result may be shifted by one or two weight classes that is a significant advantage in these sports.

History
Hypothiazid was developed in the 1950s. Due to the wide spread of diseases such as high blood pressure and edema, the drug gained commercial acceptance. Hydrochlorothiazide has become the main form of treatment in the field of medicine, and remains popular today. Hydrochlorothiazide is available in virtually all developed countries, and presented to literally hundreds of different brands and generics. You can also like Noopept.

Structural Features
Hypothiazid - a diuretic and antihypertensive agent. It is a 3,4-dihydro derivative of chlorothiazide, and has a chemical designation of 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzotiadizin-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. Warnings (dehydration, death) The use of diuretics in sports to a high degree of risk. Diuretics without the requisite medical supervision can lead to life-threatening levels of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. With the use of such drugs is associated increased risk of mortality.

Side effects of hydrochlorothiazide
Application hydrochlorothiazide can lead to electrolyte imbalance that includes sodium and potassium deficiency (increase in blood bicarbonate in significant losses of chlorine). Signs of electrolyte imbalance include dry mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pain, muscle spasms, cramps, decrease in the volume of urine, low blood pressure and gastrointestinal disorders. Other side effects may include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stimulation of salivary glands, headaches, dizziness, light sensitivity, decrease in blood pressure when standing, skin irritation, impotence, visual disturbances, jaundice, pancreatitis and lung irritation. In addition, it reported some rare adverse events characterized by a hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rash, fever, shock, pulmonary edema, and shortness of breath.

The use of hydrochlorothiazide
In medicine, for the treatment of hypertension usual starting dose for adults is 25 mg once a day. The dose may be increased to 50 mg per day, and is often divided into two doses of 25 mg. Please note that daily doses greater than 50 mg is often associated with a marked decrease in the level of potassium in the blood serum. For liquid level control in the body athletes and bodybuilders typically use medication (off-label) for very short periods of time (a few days). A common practice is the use of the drug once a day after breakfast. In this case the athlete must control the level of water loss during the day, and the dose adjusted to the next day, if necessary. The usual starting dose is one tablet of 50 mg. The user must adjust the effectiveness of the drug by addition of 25 mg or 50 mg every day. It is practiced only 3-4 days until the optimal dose. The total daily dose of 100-200 mg rarely exceeds (receiving doses greater than 100 mg per day is usually not recommended in clinical setting). If the use of hydrochlorothiazide did not produce the desired effect, many bodybuilders / athletes, before moving on to more powerful (loop) drugs used extra (mild) diuretic. combination is considered to be particularly effective potassium-sparing diuretics, such as aldactone (spironolactone) and Hypothiazid that may be a bit to balance calcium and potassium loss associated with hydrochlorothiazide. This significantly reduces the dosage of each drug, and usually begins with the use of 25/25 mg gradually increasing. It is important to note that excessive use of diuretics may be potentially dangerous and can lead to too much water loss, which may contribute to the flat, "deflated" mind muscle. Thus, higher doses of diuretics does not always lead to increased clarity and muscle relief. Competitors are planning to use diuretics before the competition, it will be useful to get acquainted with their action, before applying them to this end. Otherwise, the user can properly adjust the dosage, which can be very dangerous and inefficient practice.