Gene therapy

The biologist Dr. Doping tells about the causes of diseases, methods of treatment and control of bacterial viruses.

What tasks has set a gene therapy? How there are genetic diseases? How bacteria fight against viruses? And discoveries in this field have influenced the development of gene therapy?

Genome of any person consists of 3 billion nucleotides of DNA, which can be represented in the form of letters. This is the genetic information which leads to a person. But sometimes there are errors. Over the past 10 years, scientists have tried to find a way to get to your destination in the DNA and change the typo. At the beginning of 2013 to make a breakthrough. It turned out that the bacteria have a system of immunity, with which they are struggling with viruses

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This system works in such a way that most of the bacteria as a result of interaction with their viruses accumulates traces of interaction of molecular tags viruses. This is because a small piece of the viral DNA enters the DNA of a bacterium. In bacteria, there is a special "machine", which then, knowing that there is this small portion, the remainder of the virus, which used this cell is already infected, using this piece together with special proteins, in order to find the virus, find and kill him . This system is very specific, because the bacterial cell is also necessary to solve an important problem - only to kill viruses, but not themselves.

This system is known as CRISPR. It was not known until 2007. It turned out that these peculiar, interesting, but not related to this genetic engineering and gene therapy studies of bacteria, apparently, and will be the breakthrough that will allow doctors to begin to correct typographical errors in human genes.