Alprazolam - Active Substances. Instruction and Application, Dosage

Name: Alprazolam

The Latin name of the substance Alprazolam

Alprazolamum (genus. Alprazolami)

chemical name 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H- [1,2,4] triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine

Formula - C17H13ClN4

Therapeutic agents of Alprazolam:

Anxiolytics

The nosological classification (ICD-10)

F06 Other mental disorders due to brain damage and dysfunction and to physical disease

F06.4 Organic anxiety disorder
F10.2 alcohol dependence syndrome
F10.3 abstinence
F11 Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of opioids
F25 Schizoaffective disorders
F29 Unspecified Inorganic psychosis
F32 Depressive episode
F34.0 Cyclothymia
F34.1 Dysthymia
F40.0 Agoraphobia
F40.1 Social phobias
F41.0 Panic disorder [episodic paroxysmal anxiety]
F41.1 Generalized anxiety disorder
F42 Obsessive-compulsive disorder
F43.0 Acute stress reaction
F43.1 Post-traumatic stress disorder
F43.2 Disorder adaptive reactions
F44 Dissociative [conversion] disorders
F45 Somatoform disorders
F79 Mental retardation, unspecified
G93.4 Encephalopathy, unspecified

CAS code - 28981-97-7

Characteristics substance Alprazolam

Anxiolytic, benzodiazepine derivative. White or white with blue polka crystalline powder. Insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.

Pharmacology

Mode of action - anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, central.

By binding to benzodiazepine and GABAergic receptors causes inhibition of the limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, polysynaptic spinal reflexes.

After intake of rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax achieved within 1-2 h. Plasma protein binding is 80%. It passes through GEB and placental barrier, enters the breast milk. It is metabolized in the liver. T1 / 2 -. 16 hours is derived mainly kidneys. Re-appointment with an interval of at least 8-12 hours can lead to accumulation.

Application of the Alprazolam substance 

Neurosis and psychopathy, accompanied by fear, anxiety, concern; Reactive depression (including on the background of systemic diseases), panic disorder, withdrawal syndrome in patients with alcoholism and drug addiction.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, severe respiratory failure, glaucoma (acute onset), acute liver disease and kidney disease, myasthenia gravis, pregnancy (especially I trimester), breast-feeding, age and 18 years of age.

Restrictions to application

Open-angle glaucoma, sleep apnea, chronic renal and / or hepatic insufficiency, alcoholic liver disease.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding
Category effects on the fetus by FDA - D.

Side effects of Alprazolam substance
Drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, unsteadiness of gait, slowing of mental and motor reactions, decreased concentration, nausea, constipation, dysmenorrhea, loss of libido, pruritus, paradoxical reactions (aggression, agitation, irritability, anxiety, hallucinations), addiction, drug addiction, withdrawal.

Interaction of Alprazolam substance 

Enhances the effect of alcohol, neuroleptics and hypnotics, narcotic analgesics, central muscle relaxants. Increases concentration of imipramine in the serum.

Overdose of Alprazolam substance
Symptoms: oppression CNS varying degrees of symptoms (from somnolence to coma) - drowsiness, confusion; in more severe cases (especially in patients receiving other drugs which depress the central nervous system, or alcohol) - ataxia, decreased reflexes, hypotension, coma.

Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, symptomatic therapy, monitoring vital functions. In severe hypotension - introduction of norepinephrine. The specific antidote - benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil receptors (introduction only in a hospital).

Dosing and Administration of Alprazolam Substances

Inside. The mode set individually depending on the disease, tolerability and al. Treatment should start with the lowest effective dose. Typically, the initial dose for adults - 0.25-0.5 mg 3 times a day, if tolerated (if necessary) may increase the dose every 3-4 days. The maximum daily dose - 3-4 mg.

Precautions for Alprazolam substance

Keep in mind that anxiety or tension associated with everyday stress usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic.

In the event of paradoxical reactions need to stop taking the drug. In the period of treatment is unacceptable consumption of alcoholic beverages. Be wary of during the drivers of vehicles and people skills relate to the high concentration of attention.

Trading names of drugs with working Alprazolam substance

Trade Name

Alzolam
Alprazolam
Alprox
Zolomax

Kassadan 0.25
Kassadan 0.5
Xanax
XanaX retard
Neurol 0.25
Neurol 1.0
Frontin
Helex
Helex CP