Why the person sweats?

Physiologist Dr. Doping tells about the functions of the autonomic nervous system, the process of sweating and healing effect of the sauna.

Sweating is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system, which is a department of the vegetative (or autonomic) nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls the internal organs and is not directly subordinate to the conscious will. The sympathetic nervous system provides a selection of neurotransmitters in nerve synapses in the sweat glands - norepinephrine and acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is released the sympathetic system on the palms and soles. With excitement, stress, physical exertion tone of the sympathetic nervous system increases, so the release of these neurotransmitters also increases. As a result, cells of the sweat glands cascades triggered signaling pathways and enzymatic biochemical processes that provide liquid sweat secretion.

A certain amount of sweat is released and evaporates from the surface of the body, even in the absence of excitement or physical exertion. Increased sweat production occurs in hot conditions when activating the nerve center of the heat transfer in the anterior hypothalamus. Evaporation is one of the heat transfer mechanisms. That is why in hot weather or in a bath person sweats heavily. Abundantly flowing streams or drops of sweat with this very intensive production is several times less efficient heat transfer allows the body compared to the situation when the sweat is released more slowly and manages to immediately evaporate.

The excretory function of the sweat glands is not the main a healthy person, but in some diseases, such as kidney disease, becomes important and meaningful. It is believed that one of the therapeutic effects due to the Russian steam bath is just off toxic waste products through the sweat glands. Some researchers point to another sweat function: it contains a so-called pheromones - special molecules that affect the behavior and social interaction of organisms in the community.

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Depending on age may change the microflora of the human body. Some properties of sweat, especially the smell, can be determined by waste products inherent in the microflora of the human. The immune status of the body changes with age, so microflora may vary and therefore some sweat quality. In a healthy person, practice good hygiene, the smell of sweat is usually "healthy". Change the smell of sweat can accompany the abnormal functioning of the body. For example, such changes occur in endocrine diseases, diseases of the kidneys and liver. Medical attention should be paid to the appearance of pronounced night sweating, which can be a symptom of certain diseases.

To influence perspiration special substances were synthesized: antiperspirants and deodorants. Deodorants do not directly affect the sweating, changing only its smell. Isolation inhibit sweat antiperspirants, but some may have negative side effects. Some patients with hyperhidrosis (sweating too much), which interferes with normal life, require medical care, up to special surgeries to reduce nerve stimulation of the sweat glands.

Sweating is not directly subordinate to the will of the human conscious and controlled by the autonomic nervous system. The intensity of sweating depends on a number of anatomical and physiological factors: emotional subject, his physical activity, the tone of the autonomic nervous system, the number of sweat glands and their distribution in the body.