The concept of health in China

Dr. Doping tells about ways of acupuncture, through the purification of energy and the creation of a comfortable situation for the body.

The Chinese concept of health is directly related to the concept of the body in the Chinese tradition, but not the body, which we understand in the European tradition, the western lexicon, and that is designated by the Chinese concept of "shen". Shen that really translated in the dictionary as "body," "disembodied", contrasted with the concept of "blue" - the heart, the soul, the complex of mental properties. Speaking about the concept of health, the Chinese say "den shen", ie the establishment of the physical body, which, in turn, affects the mental qualities of man. As a consequence, China from ancient times to the present time considering the disease is not as some kind of disease, in the sense of the body of infection, but as an imbalance of various functions and energies in the body.

Following the Greek concepts, shen - it is the person who will eventually disappear after the physical death of humans. And death itself is perceived as getting rid of the body, which is the literal translation of the Chinese term known. This means that the body must serve its function, allowing a man to gain some experience of physical experiences, suffering and overcoming, childbirth, because it is not possible to buy only through the mental properties. But it is the body itself must die, and such a thing as "body health" - is to create a comfortable situation to it as long as possible to perform their functions and do not stray into what is involved. This concept of energy management has developed at least to VII-VI centuries BC, but the first record of it appeared much earlier. Since that time, it visibly transformed.

Basically, science is widely discussed in the Chinese concept of the wonderful channels (twelve meridians), active points, but it's later theory. They appear only in the IX-X centuries AD. Primary teaching was more primitive and generally considered the body. We have precise information about the existence of such a concept since the IV-III centuries BC. It was presented to different texts, statements, which are then included in the famous "Treatise of the Yellow Emperor domestic" ( "Huang Di Nei Jing"). Today it is a handbook of Chinese medicine. It is because of her draw many recipes that use Chinese doctors. For example, based on it made many Chinese recipes funds for general health. But in any case the basis for the regulation includes three principles. If we look at them closely, you immediately understand what the concept of health in China.

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There are two physical start directly related to the human body. This universal principle of qi, which is usually translated as "energy". It is substance, which forms the whole world: and a man, and all that surrounds it. Qi body "absorbs" from two sources. The first source - the breath, and the second - food. As a consequence, the two elements are obtained, to be adjusted. This is the beginning breathing - hence also the whole complex of breathing exercises in China. The second principle, in fact, nutritious. Hence the Chinese and dietetics. It should be noted that it has nothing to do with Western ideas about it. For example, in China, vegetarianism had nothing to do with "feeding" chi man. Due to this energy filling the body man harmonizes its internal start. This is the concept of "ho-chi", that is, to bring his qi in harmony with the same energy of the world. It happens a number of recipes that say that in a period of great cold can not eat something hot, but in the heat, on the contrary, something cold, because then the inside of a man is not the harmony of yin and yang. To sum up, it turns out that, according to Chinese healers, instead of ice cream in the summer should drink hot tea. Thus happens Qi energy balancing.

But qi - is a universal principle. There are also purely human. It is present only in himself. This is the beginning is called "jing", and usually we translate as 'seed'. It really is a seed. Sperm, which generates a man if you like. Man - this is Ching, the seed in the bud. Already in the III-IV centuries, the concept arises that Ching is in the lower part of the body, in his tribute-tien. Jing imbues and creates individual. And in the early theory said that this seed have both men and women. A little later, there was division in the Middle Ages, to be exact. According to the new doctrine man has Jing-seed, and the woman - the blood, but the essence remained the same. Qi during breathing exercises connected to the I Ching, as if it picks up. This mixture begins to circulate through the human channels. This is commonly called Ching-chi, that is, as it were, refined or refined qi. The main issue here is that the disease occurs when this substance can not pass through all the channels, the meridians. Formed blockage, or gates (guan). Three main types are usually considered: at waist level, at the level of the sixth and seventh vertebrae and on the occiput level (referred to as "u-Dzhen", "jade pillow"). They, these gates are formed not only due to incorrect body position, and if a person is nervous, if the weather changed - not much difference between the physical and the mental, or, for example, the emotional impact on the person.

If there is a blockage, the substance can not pass, and there is a disease. It appears not only because of the "Fu-an" (twist), but also due to the fact that this substance can not pass into the upper part of the body, the head, the upper Tan Tien, and connect with higher spiritual substance, spirit shen. This is the third principle. Thus, qi, jing and shen form a sacred triad of wellness, which in Chinese is called "tssan-tsskhan", which means "three jewels". Just the combination of these three substances, and refers to the enlightenment of the spirit-shen. In this regard, health is not merely the physical condition of the person, but also his enlightenment, liberation. In Buddhism, this is seen as freedom from passions, compulsive desires. In Taoism it comes to finding longevity and immortality, the state where a person does not depend on his physical body. Qi, jing and shen in Taoism are considered at the same time as the three celestial soul. Seven of the earth souls after death goes into the ground, it is the death of the physical body. A three celestial souls remain and can, if necessary, or the development of certain mental characteristics, according to Taoism, to move other people in the body. This is, in fact, immortal. And may be in such a state substantivized. Three of the soul in the form of deities, as is often depicted seated in the mountains, talking to each other and watching the people. All Chinese medicine - at least what we call medicine - aimed at cleansing the human channel for the circulation of these energies.

But there is one very important thing that occurs in the works of IX-X centuries AD known Chinese doctors - the variety of ways of regulation depending on external factors. There is no universal recipe. There is only a method of treatment depending on the time of day, time of year, from the age of the person of a man or a woman. In fact, there is a definite improvement scheme, which depends on the regulation of this type of energy. Because this is not (and will not appear) in the traditional Chinese medical schools, universal approaches of treatment of a disease or, for example, of universal methods of acupuncture. Needless acupuncture is considered as one of the ways of health regulation. Total meant four stages. The easiest - it is regulation through breathing exercises, which should deal with everyone. For more complex diseases - regulation through massage. Massage an-mo, that is pressing on various points of the body, opens or closes the channels. Third, higher stage - acupuncture, the needle pierces, intrudes into a person's body. And finally, the fourth stage - herbal therapy, or herbal medicine. It is considered a very strong influence. Through these steps can not jump, otherwise this energy is either compensated or, conversely, too active oppressed. Therefore, many traditional Chinese doctors, who live in our time, it is criticized. There are a number of works devoted to the criticism regarding the Western methods of using Chinese medicine. One example - the appointment of acupuncture for each disease because there is too powerful impact.

In general, regulation is based on several positions. The first position, described further in the treatise "Huang Di Nei Jing", - this adjustment for the opening of these outposts, large and small. And in this case, sometimes the regulation is due to the correct body position to a person, for example, holding a posture, moving correctly. It can also occur due to a correct way of life, or at the expense of respect for the Chinese special care - communication or failure to do so with some people, sexual practices, or, conversely, their oppression, the selection of the right partner. Later, already in V-VI centuries, there is the concept of channels to be used. That is, qi, not simply by moving the body, and the twelve major channels. Moreover, the concept of the channel changed many times, and there was initially some unified system. Those twelve channels, which today are often depicted in various pictures, - a rather recent concept that emerged around the XVII century. In this first considered conceptual general schemes, without passing schemes and jing qi throughout the body, considered only jen-mai-mai and du - respectively, the front and rear middle meridian, which seemed to surround the man. This purification through energy and are healthy.

But here there is perhaps the most important point. By itself, the disease is a combination of various factors. And if a person is in pain, like he had a cold or cough, or headache, the one person it may be caused by some factors, some closures, the other person - in other blockage. As a result, one and the same disease may be caused by totally different factors in different parts of the body, and therefore must be considered individually, which takes place in humans obstruction energy. It plays an important role treatment is not in terms of impact on the body, and psychological. Therefore, medical treatment in China has been developed enough. This impact and meditative, and primarily through qigong exercises (or correct to say "nei gong" for ancient practices). It is no accident the first scheme of so-called "da yin-thu" (the first scheme Qigong classes) appears - at least come down to us - to the III century BC. Perhaps she was before she was found during excavations in the tomb, which belongs to the II century BC.

Thus, if to sum up, the Chinese concept of medicine is not associated with doctoring the disease, and treatment of the spirit, with the opening of the spiritual possibilities of man. These capabilities further strengthen the already automatically start the whole body. Today, therefore, the Chinese concept of health is present primarily as creation is a comfortable situation for the body. From this it is born the other direction - what can be called the Chinese hedonism: get maximum enjoyment from eating, by reasoning, by reading books by good furniture and so on. All that gives a larger volume for the health of the body. In this respect the European concept of health (healing of disease and maintaining vitality of the body) is markedly different from the Chinese practice, abutting in the "shen-ming", in spiritual enlightenment, which is the basis for longevity.