Hematopoietic stem cells

Bioinformatics tells about formation of blood, bone marrow transplantation and the treatment of hemophilia. What causes leukemia? As the operation developed a bone marrow transplant? When hematopoietic stem cells were isolated?

I am studying hematopoietic system, ie, the formation of blood. All cells in our blood live very long. Some cells live only a few hours, some live a few weeks. Therefore, every day billions of cells produced in the bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells hemocytoblasts live in the bone marrow and are responsible for the fact that the blood was performed. They are very important, because if you do not have these cells, there will be blood, which is not compatible with life. We are interested in how the blood production process is maintained for life.

But it is obvious that the area of transplantation of hematopoietic bone marrow stem cells originated in the 50s. In the 60's there were many research groups, including the team in Seattle, who conducted the first such surgery in humans. Patients with leukemia, which would otherwise be assigned a very intensive chemotherapy, a potentially strong enough to kill the leukemia, but also kills healthy hematopoietic cells (ie, it does not cure the patients completely), were able to undergo surgery for a bone marrow transplant. At first, these operations were not very successful, but they gradually become more successful. Now a lot of clinics carry out this operation for patients with leukemia, that is a bone marrow transplant - this is the first clinically proven method of treatment using stem cells (You can buy Complex of cytamins for the cardiovascular system).

At the moment, the only clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells - bone marrow transplantation, but this area is being actively developed. For example, there is a gene therapy. Suppose there is a patient suffering from a genetic defect that leads to hemophilia, problems with blood clotting, or to a lack of immune cells, or sickle-cell anemia or thalassemia. All these problems with red blood cells. In these patients, a genetic disease that can be cured by a bone marrow transplant from another person. But the better - is to take hemocytoblasts from the bone marrow of the patient and put them in the right gene.