ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 2

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Abbreviation Meaning

D gene diversity minigene joining V and J segments to form variable region

D2 dopamine receptor

D&C dilation and curettage

DA dopamine

DAF decay accelerating factor

DAG diacylglycerol

DAT direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs)

DC dendritic cells

DC direct current

DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ

DDAVP l-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin

DES diethylstilbestrol

DEXA dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone

DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

DHT dihydrotestosterone

DI diabetes insipidus

DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation

DIP distal interphalangeal (joint)

DKA diabetic ketoacidosis

DLCO diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide

DM diabetes mellitus

DM dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine)

DMARDdisease-modidying antirheumatic drug

DMMS drug-metabolizing microsomal system

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

DNP dinitrophenyl

DNR do not resuscitate

DO doctor of osteopathy

DOPA 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine

DPI dry powdered inhaler

DRE digital rectal examination

DTaP diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (vaccine)

DTH delayed-type hypersensitivity

DTIC dacarbazine

DTP diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis triple vaccine

DTRs deep tendon reflexes

DTs delirium tremens

DVT deep venous thrombosis

D5W 5% dextrose in water

DWI diffusion-weighted imaging

EAE experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

EBV Epstein-Barr virus

ECFMG Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates

ECG electrocardiography

ECT electroconvulsive therapy

ED emergency department

ED erectile dysfunction

EDRF endothelial-derived relaxing factor

EDTA calcium disodium edetate

EEG electroencephalography

EF ejection fraction

EGD esophagogastroduodenoscopy

EGF epidermal growth factor

ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EM electron microscope

EM erythema multiforme

EMD enamel matrix derivative

EMG electromyography

EN erythema nodosum

ENT ear, nose, and throat

EPO erythropoietin

EPS extrapyramidal symptoms

ER emergency room

ER endoplasmic reticulum

ER estrogen receptor

ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

ES embryonic stem (cell)

ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate

ESWL extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy

ET exfoliative toxins

ETDIR estimated total daily insulin requirement

ETH ethanol

EtOH ethanol

Please pay attention to Phenotropil

F(ab')2 divalent antigen-binding fragment after pepsin digestion

Fab monovalent Ig antigen-binding fragment after papain digestion

FACIT fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices

FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorter

FAE fetal alcohol effects

FAP familial adenomatous polyposis

FAS fetal alcohol syndrome

FasL Fas-ligand

Fc Ig crystallisable-fragment originally; now non-Fab part of Ig

FcγR receptor for IgG Fc fragment

FDA Food and Drug Administration

FDC follicular dendritic cell

FeNa fractional excretion of sodium

FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second

FFP fresh frozen plasma

FH2 7,8-dihydrofolic acid

FH4 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

FiO2 forced inspiratory oxygen

FISH fluorescent in situ hybridization

flt-3 flk-2 ligand

FNA fine-needle aspiration

FSH follicle-stimulating hormone

FSMB Federation of State Medical Boards

FT4 free thyroxine

FTA-ABS fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption

FU fluorouracil

FUO fever of unknown origin

(sc)Fv (single chain) VH-VL antigen binding fragment

FVC forced vital capacity

GA gestational age

GABA γ-aminobutyric acid

GABEB generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa

GAD generalized anxiety disorder

GAD glutamic acid decarboxylase

GADS GRB2-related adapter protein

GAG glycosaminoglycan

GAVE gastric antral vascular ectasia

GBM glomerular basement membrane

GBS group B streptococcus

GCS Glasgow Coma Scale

G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

GDP-GTP guanine diphosphate and triphosphate

GEFs guanine-nucleotide exchange factors

GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease

GFR glomerular filtration rate

GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase

GI gastrointestinal

GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

GMP guanylic acid

GnRH gonadotropin-releasing hormone

G protein guanine nucleotide-binding protein

G6PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

gpn nkDa glycoprotein

GRB2 growth factor receptor-binding protein 2

GSK3 glycogen synthase kinase 3

GTC generalized tonic-clonic (seizure)

GTD gestational trophoblastic disease

GTP guanosine triphosphate

GU genitourinary